Schedule Free Consultation

Hypertension also is known as high blood pressure, can be defined as a condition in which the arterial blood pressure is consistently high. The term arterial blood pressure describes the amount of force the blood exerts on the vessels when flowing through them. This pressure can be measured by instruments, the traditional one, being the sphygmomanometer. High blood pressure is not usually symptomatic, however, high blood pressure that persists for a long time is dangerous to the body, and can cause heart-related diseases. Chronic high blood pressure can lead to conditions such as stroke, aneurysm, paralysis, heart failure, visual problems, renal diseases and memory loss. Hypertension can be classified into

  1. Essential high blood pressure: Essential high blood pressure is responsible for over ninety percent of all hypertension cases
  2. Secondary high blood pressure: Secondary hypertension is responsible for about fifteen percent of hypertension cases.

There are some factors that can precipitate or increase the risks of having this disease. The most important factors are genetics, lifestyle, nutrition and so on.

Hypertension can be determined by measuring the systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure. The systolic blood pressure is the measure of pressure exerted when the heart beats and pushes blood throughout the body. Diastolic pressure is the measure of blood pressure when the heart is resting in between beats. Both the systolic and diastolic pressures are measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). For adults, the normal blood pressure is between 100-130mmHg for systolic, while the diastolic is between 60-80mmHg. Hypertension would be diagnosed when the individual has the systolic pressure that is consistently above 130mmHg systolic for a long-term, and diastolic above 90mmHg. The figures are commonly represented with systolic first so if your doctor says your blood pressure is ‘130 over 90’ or 130/90 mmHg, that means that the systolic pressure is 130 and the diastolic, 90 mmHg. Stem cell therapy is also for treating this disease. Stem cells of mesenchymal origin have proved useful in the treatment of arterial high blood pressure. Exosomes are also used for this purpose.

 Signs and Symptoms of Arterial Hypertension

Most people that have high blood pressure often do not show any symptoms, until the arterial blood pressure gets really high. Some of the symptoms that can be seen include a headache, fatigue, vertigo, confusion, syncope, chest pain, difficulty breathing, pounding in the chest, neck, or ears, blood in the urine and so on.

 The different types of Hypertension  

Essential hypertension: Also known as primary hypertension, is caused by a combination of both genetics and lifestyle. Some of the lifestyle factors are smoking, chronic abuse of alcohol, sedentary life and so on. Genetics also plays a major role in the development of hypertension. According to studies, people suffering from hypertension usually has a relative that has suffered or suffering from the same condition. Another important factor is a race. Africans and black people, in general, are more prone to developing high blood pressure. On the other hand, hypertension is rare in some parts of the world, such as in China. This can be attributed to the genetic make-up of the different races and the lifestyle/culture including the types of food commonly eaten and the attitude towards exercise.

Secondary hypertension: This is the type of hypertension that does have underlying conditions. The high blood pressure is always secondary to a prevailing health condition. It usually has sudden on-set, as compared to primary hypertension that develops gradually over a long time. There are many conditions that can lead to secondary hypertension. Some of these include;

  1. Renal diseases: Diseases such as renal artery stenosis leads to the elevation of the blood pressure.
  2. Cushing syndrome: Cushing syndrome leads to the elevation of cortisol in the body. Cortisol tends to increase the blood pressure. If the underlying adrenal gland is not controlled, the blood pressure will keep rising and may be dangerous, if not well managed. Cushing syndrome has other symptoms like truncal obesity, hyperlipidemia, moon face and so on.
  3. Hyperthyroidism: Hyperthyroidism is a condition in which there is an overproduction of the thyroid hormones in the body. Thyroid hormones play an important role in metabolism. High amounts of thyroid hormones in the blood lead to high blood pressure. Some of the other symptoms of hyperthyroidism include weight loss, inability to tolerate heat, tachycardia and so on.
  4. Tumors: Tumors such as pheochromocytoma, the tumor of the adrenal medulla causes hypertension. The adrenal medulla produces catecholamine, which increases the blood pressure. Hormones such as epinephrine and norepinephrine are an adrenal agonist.

Doctors near me doing stem cell injections

The various risk factors of Hypertension

  1. Obesity and excessive weight: The more weight people have, the more oxygen and nutrient they need to supply their body tissues. This is what’s responsible for the increased pressure on the arterial walls. In addition to this, fat plaques from the excessive fat often build up and partially obstructs the flow of blood in the arteries. This is left uncontrolled leads to high blood pressure.
  2. Age: High blood pressure is more common in adults. The chances of having hypertension increases as one age. In addition, it has been proven that hypertension is more predominant in men than in women, although, women tend to be more prone to developing high blood pressure after sixty-five.
  3. Race: Hypertension has been reported to be common among black people. These include Africans, Caribbean and so on. It has also been proved that black people are more prone to having heart-related On the other hand, high blood pressure is rare in countries such as China and Japan.
  4. Sedentary lifestyle: People who don’t t do regular exercise, and lives a sedentary lifestyle, tend to have a high blood pressure. Not partaking in physical exercise also leads to overweight and obesity.
  5. Smoking: Smoking cigarettes transiently raise the blood pressure, however, the soot gotten from smoking can deposit in the vessels and lead to high blood pressure.
  6. Nutrition: In addition, consuming food that has a lot of salt content increases the risk of developing heart blood pressure. A high amount of Sodium in the blood leads to the body retaining more fluid. In addition, it has been suggested that vitamin D plays a role in the development of hypertension.

 How High Blood Pressure is treated

  1. Lifestyle modification: The first step to managing high blood pressure is to change one’s lifestyle. Doing regular exercises, and cutting down the consumption of sodium containing food, are great ways to achieving a normal arterial blood pressure. However, lifestyle changes are not enough, and patients would have to use medications.
  2. Medications: Some of the drugs that can be used in the treatment of hypertension can be grouped into different classes. The anti-hypertensive medications include
  3. Thiazides
  4. Angiotensin-converting enzymes
  5. Beta-blockers
  6. Angiotensin receptor blockers
  7. Calcium channel blockers

The use of Stem cell therapy to treat arterial hypertension

Stem cells of mesenchymal origin have proved useful in the treatment of arterial high blood pressure. They have helped in eliminating headache, sleeplessness, and dyspnea associated with hypertension. Stem cells, when transplanted into the body, makes the blood vessels thicker and ensures the normal flow of blood throughout the body

References

Inbal, A., Sela, M., Kalchenko, V. and Kuznetsov, Y. (2016). Targeted Delivery of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells into a Transplant by Direct Intra-Arterial Administration. Journal of Stem Cell Research & Therapy, 6(11).

International Meeting on Corticosteroids and Peptide Hormones in Hyertension. (1985). Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 8(6), pp.518-518.

Kawamoto, A. (2014). Cell-Based Therapies for Peripheral Arterial Disease. Journal of Stem Cell Research & Therapy, 04(09).

Lopez, M. and de Jesus Perez, V. (2017). Inducible pluripotent stem cells and pulmonary arterial hypertension: the future is now!. Stem Cell Investigation, 4(7), pp.53-53.

Spessoto, L., Cordeiro, J., and De Godoy, J. (2010). Effect of systemic arterial pressure on erectile dysfunction in the initial stages of chronic arterial insufficiency. BJU International, 106(11), pp.1723-1725.

 

Schedule Free Consultation